Symptoms
The primary symptom of vaginismus is involuntary tightening of the vaginal muscles, but the severity of the condition varies between women. Constriction of the vagina makes penetration difficult or impossible, and women with vaginismus often report a burning or stinging pain when anything is inserted into the vagina. Fear of vaginal penetration and decreased sexual desire related to penetration are also common symptoms.
Types
Vaginismus is classified into two types: primary vaginismus and secondary vaginismus. Primary vaginismus occurs when vaginal penetration has never been achieved, while secondary vaginismus occurs when vaginal penetration was once achieved but is no longer possible, potentially due to factors such as gynecologic surgery, trauma, or radiation.
Causes
There is no direct cause for vaginismus in some cases, while in others, it has been linked to past sexual abuse or trauma, past painful intercourse, or emotional factors.
Diagnosis
To make a diagnosis, a doctor will do a physical exam and ask about medical and sexual history.
Treatment
Treatment options include pelvic floor muscle relaxation exercises, counseling, and the use of vaginal dilators.
Prevention
There is no known way to prevent vaginismus, but seeking treatment as soon as possible can help manage the condition.
It’s important to note that vaginismus is not your fault, and it’s nothing to be ashamed of. Sexual dysfunction can occur in both males and females and can usually be treated.